John Leech’s Awful Appearance of Wopps at a Picnic (1849)

John Leech’s Awful Appearance of Wopps at a Picnic (1849)

Knowing that any picnic might dissolve in chaos when attacked by a flying critter, readers of Punch, Britain’s premier satirical magazine, laughed at Leech’s mock tragedy. They might have also smiled patronizingly at the verbal pun “wopps,” the Cockney pronunciation...
Anne Brontë’s The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848)

Anne Brontë’s The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848)

Brontë’s Wildfell Hall is a romantic potboiler. Helen Huntingdon, a good woman, married to an abusive man, Arthur Huntingdon, an abusive husband, runs away and takes the name, Helen Graham. At Wildfell Hall, Graham meets Gilbert Markham, who immediately falls in...
Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield (1850)

Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield (1850)

“Blissful” is Dickens’s word to describe Copperfield’s tenderest memories of Dora Spenlow’s picnic birthday party. He’s about nineteen and obsessed, getting up before 6 AM to buy flowers, so they are fresh. The picnic is near...
John Leech’s The Pic-Nic (1851)

John Leech’s The Pic-Nic (1851)

For whom a rainy day will not stop the picnic, Stoic Brits are the butt of Leech’s satiric humor. Visually, you see a group of umbrellas in an open field lashed by rain. The legend is, “What a nice damp place we have secured; and how very fortunate we are...
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Blithedale Romance (1852)

Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Blithedale Romance (1852)

Hawthorne’s memories of Brook Farm were a childish and boisterous masquerade picnic party for a six-year-old boy. Hawthorne refused to participate and “lay under the trees and looked on.” A decade later, Hawthorne refashioned this party an unpleasant...