James Joyce’s Ulysses (1922)

James Joyce’s Ulysses (1922)

Their marriage disintegrating, Leopold and Molly Bloom remember when they were in love and picnicked on Howth Head. They vividly remember Molly feeding Bloom a seedcake. (Joyce considered this sensual, but the visual image is of a bird feeding its young.) Bloom and...
Katherine Mansfield’s “The Garden Party” (1922)

Katherine Mansfield’s “The Garden Party” (1922)

Mansfield’s “The Garden Party” describes the Sheridan family’s Wellington, New Zealand, summer picnic garden party. The day is early summer, the weather ideal, the air warm and windless, and the blue sky has a veil of gold: “They could...
Elizabeth von Arnim’s The Enchanted April (1922)

Elizabeth von Arnim’s The Enchanted April (1922)

There is no picnic in von Arnim’s The Enchanted April. When the narrative ends, the four women vacationing at San Salvatore pack up and leave for London. But Mike Newell’s film ends with a picnic. For a discussion, see Picnicsonfilm.org. See Elizabeth von...
D.H. Lawrence’s Aaron’s Rod (1922)

D.H. Lawrence’s Aaron’s Rod (1922)

Aaron Sissons, the protagonist of Lawrence’s Aaron’s Rod, leaves his wife and three young children to find himself. He’s unsuccessful. The “rod” is his flute, which he plays well enough to earn a modest living. It is also a pun on his...
Gertrude Stein’s “Every Afternoon. A Dialogue” (1922)

Gertrude Stein’s “Every Afternoon. A Dialogue” (1922)

Stein is a demanding writer, especially when she experimented with eliminating adjectives, imagery, and grammar. She argued that you either got her meaning or you didn’t. The results were hit or miss. They still are. Ben Hecht reviewing Geography and Plays...
Colette’s The Ripening Seed (1923)

Colette’s The Ripening Seed (1923)

It’s a momentous picnic for a young couple to understand they are courting in Colette’s The Ripening Seed. With the summer half gone, Phil Adebert (sixteen and a half) and Vinca Ferret (fifteen and a half) pack their picnic baskets and walk down the rocky cliffs  like...
E. M. Forster’s Passage to India (1924)

E. M. Forster’s Passage to India (1924)

The Caves” section A Passage to India is an extended metaphor for the irreconcilability of the English and the Indians in India. The excursion to the Barabar Caves is a series of miscues, misunderstandings, and failed friendships between Dr. Aziz, Mrs. Moore,...
Theodore Dreiser’s An American Tragedy (1925)

Theodore Dreiser’s An American Tragedy (1925)

Dreiser’s picnic is hellish. It’s an expression of his dark view of humanity, like Zola’s proposition that when people succumb to the “fatalities of their flesh,” they are, and a sordid picnic is the “cataclysmic” center of An...